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Maryland Department of Agriculture

Types of cockroaches

Oriental cockroach

  • Also known as “waterbugs”; peak  in summer; common around decomposing organic matter and moist areas.
  • Adults : 1½ inch long; black, shiny.

German cockroach

  • Most common species in homes.
  • Adults: ½-inch long; 2 dark stripes on pronotum. Can move through very small spaces.
  • Egg case: 1/3-inch long, tan.

Brown-banded cockroach

  • Prefer warmer areas of homes. 
  • Adults: ½-inch long; two light bands across wing base and abdomen.
  • Egg case: Purse shaped, light brown, cemented to sides and undersides of infested objects. 

American cockroach

  • Most common species found in commercial buildings. 
  • Adults: 1½-inches long; reddish-brown with pale band on edge of pronotum.
  • Egg case: Brown when laid, turns black in 1 to 2 days.

Cockroach-transmitted diseases 

  • Asthma: Certain proteins in cockroach feces, saliva, and body parts trigger allergic reactions and asthma symptoms.
  • Salmonella: Can cause gastroenteritis and typhoid fever. 
  • E Coli: Causes serious food poisoning. 

Guidelines for control 

  • Clean up any accessible food sources, including crumbs behind the stove, microwave, refrigerator & inside cabinets.
  • Immediately clean up & put away dirty dishes. 
  • Take out trash bags and recycling regularly. 
  • Dry any standing water around sinks, tubs and toilets.
  • Caulk around plumbing in adjoining apartments. 
  • Use bait stations, gel formulations and/or sticky traps for additional control. 
  • Consider hiring a pest control professional for additional safety and effectiveness.

Remember: When using pesticides, always read and follow all directions on the pesticide product label!